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Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients: Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I
Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM, et al. Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients: Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I. New England Journal of Medicine. 1991;324(6):370-376.

This paper describes a retrospective medical record review of 30,121 randomly selected records from 51 randomly selected acute care non-psychiatric hospitals in New York State in 1984.  The data were used to develop population estimates of adverse events and injuries.  Conclusion: there is a substantial amount of injury to patients from medical management, and many injuries are the result of substandard care.



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