Medications for anticoagulation have many benefits, but also many risks. Careful monitoring of laboratory values is essential to maintaining the balance between under-coagulation, which can result in development of clots, and over-coagulation, which increases the risk of bleeding and hemorrhage. Dosages require adjustments, sometimes frequently, but adjustments must be made carefully and with a variety of data in mind, including laboratory values for coagulation and renal function, diet, clinical condition, weight, and age. The use of standardized practices in the hospital setting can greatly reduce the chances of an adverse event from anticoagulants. Patients taking anticoagulants often continue taking the medications after they leave the hospital, so care providers must communicate ample information during the inpatient period and give proper patient education for self-management.