Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), one of the most common systemic bacterial infections among persons with AIDS, is diagnosed in 20-40 percent of patients with AIDS. The risk of primary progressive TB in HIV-infected persons is as high as 40 percent.
Prophylaxis (preventive therapy) for commonly-encountered opportunistic infections has been shown to successfully prevent their occurrence. Initiation at specific levels of immune function is recommended based on clinical trials. Specifically, prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia, M. avium complex infection, and toxoplasmosis have been proven effective in patients with HIV.
Formulas: Because HIV programs have found it helpful to measure both placement of PPDs and documented PPD screens, two formulas are described below.
Completed PPD Screens (Placed and Read)
The number of patients/clients with at least one HIV primary care visit in the past 12 months who also have a documented PPD screen in the past 12 months (as documented in the primary care record). Divide by the number of patients with at least one HIV primary care visit in the past 12 months. Multiply by 100 to calculate the percent.
PPDs Placed
The number of patients/clients with at least one HIV primary care visit in the past 12 months who also had a PPD placed in the past 12 months (as documented in the primary care record). Divide by the number of patients with at least one HIV primary care visit in the past 12 months. Multiply by 100 to calculate percent.
