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Intensive Care

The Institute for Healthcare Improvement has developed and adapted a suite of tools to help organizations accelerate their work to improve intensive care. In addition, many organizations have developed tools in the course of their improvement efforts — successful protocols, order sets and forms, instructions and guidelines for implementing key changes — and are making them available on IHI.org for others to use or adapt in their own organizations. We invite you to submit tools you have found useful!

Communication
Congestive Heart Failure
General Tools
IHI Conference Presentation
Information Gathering Tools
Measurement and Feedback
Rapid Response Teams
Set-up
Trigger Tools

Tools Icon Key
PDF PDF (Downloadable) Power Point Powerpoint (Downloadable)
Word Doc Word (Downloadable) Access Access (Downloadable)
Excel Excel (Downloadable) Tool Interactive Tool (Online)

Communication

Standard work for multidisciplinary rounds, this handoff tool is used by nurses to communicate specific information about critical care unit patients; Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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This tool is used by critical care unit staff to gather specific personal information about a patient, such as likes and dislikes, with the aim of providing more patient-centered care; developed by Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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This form is used to obtain key contact information for family and friends of a critical care unit patient, and provides a checklist for family orientation to the unit; developed by Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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This brochure is given to all families of critical care unit patients to provide guidelines for accessing information about the patient during the hospital stay, how to become involved in the patient's care, and general information about hospital services and protocols; developed by Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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The ICU visitor brochure can be distributed to patients and family members to establish guidelines for visitors of critical care patients; developed by Cape Coral Hospital (Cape Coral, Florida, USA).

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These guidelines help communicate to families, visitors, and patients the need for maintaining safe and therapeutic open visitation in the ICU; developed by St. Joseph Hospital—PeaceHealth (Bellingham, Washington, USA).

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Congestive Heart Failure

A documentation sheet for discharge instructions provided to patients with congestive heart failure; developed by Cleveland Regional Medical Center (Shelby, North Carolina, USA).

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A tool for documenting education provided to patients with congestive heart failure and their families about care after discharge; developed by Cleveland Regional Medical Center (Shelby, North Carolina, USA).

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A form used to indicate physician discharge orders for patients with congestive heart failure; devolped by Cleveland Regional Medical Center (Shelby, North Carolina, USA).

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A form used to indicate physician admission orders for patients with congestive heart failure; developed by Cleveland Regional Medical Center (Shelby, North Carolina, USA).

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General Tools

This order set gives providers an effective way to provide consistent management of blood glucose levels while a patient is in the ICU; developed by Missouri Baptist Medical Center (St. Louis, Missouri, USA).

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Poster used to remind staff to scrub the hub of a central line prior to accessing the line to instill medications or draw blood; developed by Missouri Baptist Medical Center (St. Louis, Missouri, USA).

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A protocol to manage glucose in the intensive care and general practice units; developed by Henry Ford Hospital (Detroit, Michigan, USA).

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Staff in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) use this form during interdisciplinary rounds to document compliance with recommended care bundles and to indicate daily goals (based on patient acuity); developed by Stony Brook University Hospital (Stony Brook, New York, USA).

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This protocol is used by staff in medical-surgical intensive care units to remove patients from continuous IV drip sedation as soon as is medically feasible; developed by Intermountain Healthcare –LDS Hospital (Salt Lake City, Utah, USA).

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This How-to Guide is designed to help organizations reduce health-care-associated infections, including infections due to antibiotic-resistant organisms, by improving hand hygiene practices and use of gloves among health care workers.

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A generic discharge instructions tool which includes all important elements for patients with congestive heart failure; developed by Baystate Medical Center (Springfield, Massachusetts, USA).

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This checklist helps track compliance with implementing each element of the ventilator bundle; developed by Dominican Hospital (Santa Cruz, California, USA)

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Implementing a central line checklist at the time of insertion will help to ensure a reliable process; developed by Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA)

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A systematic review of over 50 pieces of published literature of open visiting hours in intensive care units.

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The goal of the ICU Daily Goals Worksheet is to improve communication among residents and nurses about the daily goals of care for patients in the ICU and reduce ICU length of stay; developed by Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, Maryland, USA)

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IHI Conference Presentation

Just imagine that family members could visit loved ones in the ICU whenever they want, for as long as they want, 24/7. Think it’s a great idea? You’ve probably had a family member in the ICU, or been a patient there yourself. Cringe at the very thought? You probably work in an ICU.

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Information Gathering Tools

This tool helps provide a clearer understanding of local conditions that may contribute to mortality in hospitals without critical care units; adapted by Catholic Health Initiatives (Denver, Colorado, USA)

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Measurement and Feedback

This presentation and related articles discuss how measuring the time or number of cases between adverse events, such as the number of surgeries between surgical site infections, is more effective for detecting changes and verifying improvements.

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Rapid Response Teams

Use this checklist to ensure that all staff involved with Rapid Response Teams have received the appropriate education and necessary training; developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA)

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Hospital staff can use this script to orient patients and families to the Family Activated Safety Team (FAST), a hotline to obtain extra help when concerns about care arise; developed by Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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The Family Activated Safety Team (FAST), a Rapid Response Team activated by patients and families, provides extra help when a patient has concerns about his or her own care or when a family member has concerns about the patient's care; developed by Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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This form includes MET activation guidelines and serves as a reminder for the floor nurse to activate the MET if any of the abnormal signs or symptoms are present, thereby instituting early intervention when necessary; developed by St. Joseph Hospital (Orange, California, USA).

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This form is used by the Medical Emergency Team (MET) nurse to debrief with the floor nurse after each MET event, with the goals of providing an update on the patient's status, educating nurses on MET activation, and improving the MET process; developed by St. Joseph Hospital (Orange, California, USA).

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Condition H (Help) is a Rapid Response Team (or Medical Emergency Team [MET]) that allows patients and family members to call for immediate help if they become concerned with a patient’s condition; developed by St. Joseph Hospital (Orange, California, USA).

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Both the primary nurse for the patient and the Rapid Response Team nurse have responsibility for completing the form when a Rapid Response Team call is initiated, and the form then becomes a permanent part of the patient’s medical record; developed by Baystate Medical Center (Springfield, Massachusetts, USA).

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This poster is meant for use in inpatient rooms to assist patient family members in calling the Rapid Response Team should they feel that the patient is in need of help; developed by Baystate Medical Center (Springfield, Massachusetts, USA).

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The Rapid Response Team Protocol outlines team member roles and responsibilities, and the accompanying Rapid Response Team Event Record allows the team to effectively and quickly document key information during an event; developed by Riverside County Regional Medical Center (Moreno Valley, California, USA)

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A sample Rapid Response Team standing orders form; developed by Saint Joseph HealthCare, Catholic Health Initiatives (Lexington, Kentucky, USA)

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This tool is used to collect feedback after a Rapid Response Team call to assess the effectiveness of the team; developed by St. John's Regional Medical Center, Catholic Health Initiatives (Joplin, Missouri, USA)

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This tool is used to collect feedback after a Rapid Response Team call to assess the effectiveness of the team; developed by Saint Joseph HealthCare, Catholic Health Initiatives (Lexington, Kentucky, USA)

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A sample frequently asked questions (FAQ) document used for staff training and education; developed by Catholic Health Initiatives (Denver, Colorado, USA)

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A sample one-page document used in the education and training of staff on the use of Rapid Response Teams; developed by St. Joseph Hospital, Catholic Health Initiatives (Denver, Colorado, USA)

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A sample Rapid Response Team staff training and education packet; developed by Mercy Medical Center, Catholic Health Initiatives (Denver, Colorado, USA)

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A sample policy for establishing a Rapid Response Team, including guidelines for initiation, team structure, activation, responsibilities, and assessment; developed by Our Lady of the Way Critical Access Hospital, Catholic Health Initiatives (Martin, Kentucky, USA).

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This tool is used to document each response to a Rapid Response Team call and the embedded SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) section is helpful for framing the conversation with the team or the provider (physician); developed by Saint Francis Medical Center, Catholic Health Initiatives (Denver, Colorado, USA)

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This tool is used to document each response to a Rapid Response Team call and the embedded SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) section is helpful for framing the conversation with the team or the provider (physician); developed by Our Lady of the Way Hospital, Catholic Health Initiatives (Martin, Kentucky, USA)

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This is a sample order set pertaining to orders initiated by the Rapid Response Team. This order set was developed by ICSI (Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement) to help hospitals that are working on creating and seeking approval of a standardized order set for use with Rapid Response Teams. These orders may be adapted to meet the needs of the patient in each facility. Note that they must be approved by the facility's Medical Staff Committee.

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This poster is used as a tool to build awareness about and market the Rapid Response Team within the organization; developed by developed by Catholic Health Initiatives (Denver, Colorado, USA)

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This presentation addresses the financial impact of implementing Rapid Response Teams; developed by William J. Ward, Jr., MBA, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health for VHA Inc. (Irving, Texas, USA).

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This tool allows you to enter data for a number of key indicators into an Excel spreadsheet that calculates the return on investment for an organization’s Rapid Response Team: developed by VHA Inc. (Irving, Texas, USA) in collaboration with William J. Ward, Jr.

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This tool incorporates three tools into one half-page, double-sided form: an SBAR communication tool, a checklist for reviewing clinical indices helpful in determining when to call the Rapid Response Team, and a data collection form; developed by Harborview Medical Center (Seattle, Washington, USA).

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This brochure provides detailed instructions for activating Condition H, a program that enables patients and family members to call for immediate help if they feel the patient is not receiving adequate medical attention; developed by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Shadyside (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA).

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This tool is used to document individual Rapid Response Team calls for the purpose of outcome and process analysis; developed by Missouri Baptist Hospital (St. Louis, Missouri, USA)

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Set-up

This document provides a sample business case for reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia; developed by Safe & Sound, an Arizona patient safety initiative through the Arizona Hospital and Healthcare Association (Phoenix, Arizona, USA).

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This example of a business profile stating the need for work to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia explores the projected impact on resources for a hospital participating in such an initiative; developed by Safe & Sound, an Arizona patient safety initiative through the Arizona Hospital and Healthcare Association (Phoenix, Arizona, USA).

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Trigger Tools

The ICU Adverse Event Trigger Tool provides instructions for conducting a retrospective review of patient records using triggers to identify possible adverse events; developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA)

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